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Chioma Nwakanma

Chioma Nwakanma

Michael Okpara University

Title: Water Supply and Sanitation Problems in Nigeria

Biography

Biography: Chioma Nwakanma

Abstract

This paper presents an extensive literature review on water supply and sanitation problems in Nigeria. Although, water resources in Nigeria are enormous, the uneven distribution in time and space creates problems for water availability. Pollution and poor waste management had crippled the revitalization of the country’s economy and environment. Due to this, the economy of Nigeria is developing under increasing water deficiency leading to potential high water loss rates and usage, inadequate accessibility to safe water supply. Unsafe water supply are the major sources of water for the rural populace in Nigeria. Urban areas have low traffic in combination with absent metering and low collection rates for water fees. This also means that operation and maintenance costs for basic services for water supply and sanitation are not covered and cannot be monitored properly by the government. As a result of this problems, water-borne diseases and microbial contaminants, heavy metal accumulations in water exceed maximum permissible limits are the order of the day. Therefore, it is paramount to urgently create awareness and the need to develop water supply systems in Nigeria to standards obtained in the developed world, in line with the implementation for more effective and efficient sanitation systems that can revitalized the environment.